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Kala-azar
or visceral leischamaniasis is a protozoal disease by
Leishmania donovani. The word kala-azar is derived from
kala meaning black and azar meaning disease as it is
associated with bronzing of the skin. According to
Indian Council of Medical Research Kala-azar is a
potentially fatal disease which affects nearly 350
million people in 88 countries across five continents
and around 90 per cent of the victims are from the
Indian subcontinent.* The treatment of the disease with
modern drugs miltefosine and amphotericin-B cost
anything between 50 to 150 US dollars for the entire
course, which is unaffordable by the larger section of
those who suffer from the disease.
Antimonial compounds have been used for the therapy of
leishmaniasis but lost favour of clinicians due to their
toxicity and side effects. The discovery of first
category antimonial drugs for kala-azar was made in
India at Campbell Medical School, Calcutta
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