Nanotechnology: Perspectives on Solubility/Bioavailability Enhancement

Abstract
Nanotechnology is an emerging field of science in drug delivery systems taken up by pharmaceutical industries recently, which redesigns the existing drugs to be delivered. The chief goal of nanotechnology is to assist in lowering drug toxicity by specific targeting. This will enable to improve the efficacy as well as safety, as a low dose is sufficient to provide a desired pharmacologic effect. Nanoparticles are preferable to administer water insoluble drugs and to improve the bioavailability. Converting poorly water-soluble drug compounds into nanoparticulate dosage forms can significantly increase dissolution rates, tackling the problem of poor water solubility of hydrophobic drugs. The various nanoparticle drug delivery systems designed and developed to improve the solubility and bioavailability of such poorly water soluble drugs include nanocrystals and nanosuspensions, solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers, microemulsions, nanoemulsions and dendrimers.

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