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Introduction: In recent years, technological
advances have changed the face of drug discovery beyond
imagination. Applications of new drug development
technologies have changed the entire scenario of
pharmaceutical field and indeed the human life in recent
era. In the area of drug development, introduction of
computer aided technologies for clinical trials and
moleculer synthesis is a milestone in the evolution of
modern pharmaceutical sciences. In addition, the
emergence of genomics and proteomics has changed the
concept of drug discovery.
Drug Discovery Scenario
In today's changed scenario the drug discovery process
starts at the gene level, it requires the knowledge of
molecular biology to link the human disease with the
functions of gene. It reflects that drug discovery has
undergone a paradigm shift towards molecular biology,
bio-informatics and genomic science. Today, genomics,
proteomics, and combinatorial chemistry, are the
buzzwords of research scholars. Technological advances
have stimulated the growth of new drug entry in pharma
market around the world. Indian IT companies are also
contributing by offering required database solutions for
major pharmaceutical and genome-based biotech companies,
which is necessary for creating, storing and annotating
genomic data for new drug development.
Nowadays, US$800mn - $1.4 billion is the approximate
cost to bring a drug from the research lab to the market
with its long gestation period of not less than 12
years. Only one of every 10,000 compounds will complete
its successful journey from the research lab to the
retail shop. Patenting and other regulatory process in
India may further delay its entry in the market.
Today, drugs in the segment of alimentary tract and
metabolism treatment, systemic anti-infectives,
cardiovascular system, respiratory system are in high
demand. Pharmaceutical companies are exploring
healthcare market in these lucrative segments. As
lifestyle is changing and major population is prone to
lifestyle related diseases including diabetes,
hypertension, and excessive obesity, it is predicted
that future pharmaceutical market will be concentrated
to these segments. To survive in this cut-throat
competition, pharmaceutical companies can concentrate
their research and development efforts more to
anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and anti-obese market
segment.
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