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Abstract: Soya beans are wonderful beans. People
have been cultivating and consuming soybeans for over
4000 years. It contains protein, carbohydrate and fibers
as its chief constituents. Soya foods include tofu,
tempeh, textured vegetable protein, miso, soya sauces,
soya dairy products, soya wheat flour and soya papad. It
is reported to have anti-carcinogenic, cholesterol
lowering, bone strengthening anti-diabetic and many more
health beneficial activities in human.
Introduction
Soya is an excellent source of high quality protein is
low in saturated fats and is cholesterol free. Recent
research has indicated soya has several beneficial
effects on health in addition to its nutritional
benefits. Soya beans contain high concentrations of
several compounds, which have demonstrated
anti-carcinogenic activity. These include isoflavonoids,
protease inhibitors and phytic/ acid. The low incidence
of breast and colon cancer in China and Japan has been
partially attributed to the high consumption of soya
products. The low incidence of menopausal symptoms in
Japanese women has also been attributed to high
consumption of soya. Soya diets have also been shown to
reduce levels of serum cholesterol.
Botanical Description
Soya bean is known as Dolichos soja, Glycine gracilis,
Glycine hispida, Glycine soja, Glycine ussuriensis, Soja
max. An annual with erect or climbing stem reach a
height of one half to six feet, densely clothed with
leaves trifoliate, ovate-lanceolate, inconspicuous,
borne on auxiliary racemes, white or purple to red
purple, normally self pollinated; pods 3cm long in
clusters of 3-5, densely hairy containing 3-4 seeds
elliptical with hilum, compressed, yellow, chocolate or
black.
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