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THE PHARMA REVIEW (JUNE 2008) |
Spray Drying of
Pharmaceuticals - Need of Future
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D. G. Kheni, P. V. Patel, D.
M. Modi |
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Abstract: Most drugs
& excipients have poor flowability & compressibility.
Also most of the newly synthesized molecules are poorly
soluble in water. Spray drying is a well-established
technique that has been used for over a century but it
remains an active field of innovation, driven by the
ever-increasing demand for more sophisticated particles.
Spray drying of active pharmaceuticals & excipients may
improve flowability, compressibility & solubility. Also
it can be used for microencapsulation & taste masking of
certain drugs.
Introduction
‘Spray drying is a process for converting solutions or
suspensions into dry free flowing powders in a single
drying step.
Spray drying is a widely used manufacturing process
which uses the aerosol phase to dry particles. The
technology has been applied in many areas, including the
food, pharmaceutical, ceramic, polymer, and chemical
industries.
Process: The solution or suspension is atomized
or ‘sprayed’ into an enclosed chamber into which heated
air is also introduced. The atomization process produces
very fine, generally spherical droplets with large
surface areas that dry almost instantaneously. Rapid
evaporation from this large surface and concomitant
uptake of latent heat of evaporation keep the product
temperature below that of the hot air, thus making the
process a suitable one for many heat sensitive
materials. The finer particles produced are capable of
being carried out of the chamber with the effluent
exhaust air and are collected in cyclone collectors. The
coarser particles which fall out in the chamber may be
collected through appropriate discharge ports.
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